Technology, Meditation, and the Future of Human Evolution
Man-made technologies and tools, from the wheel to the cell phone, are extensions of our sensory and motor organs. Because they develop and get assimilated so rapidly, their effect on human development far exceeds Natural Selection as the driving force of our species’ evolution. This “Directed Evolution” differs in many ways from the biological process of mutation through procreation. For one, it is intentional. We know the desired result before we know how to achieve it. This is quite different from the natural process in which mutations are random and their usefulness determined only after they’ve come into being. Secondly, it propagates through the species by learning, not procreation, and can therefore be assimilated instantly by the species as a whole. The third, and biggest, difference lies in the fact that while Natural Selection is a competitive process between members of a species, Directed Evolution is the exact opposite. It is a process of species-wide cooperation. Each scientific or technological advance in human history is based on many previous explorations and discoveries.
It is important to bear in mind that this artificial “Directed Evolution” does not completely replace natural evolution. It replaces only the creative aspect of it, the process of coming up with new features. The other, far more crucial aspect of Natural Selection, which determines the usefulness of mutations for the survivability of a species, is still wholly in the hands of Nature.
The laws of Nature are unambiguous when it comes to new features. The laws make you either more successful or extinct. Success or failure are measured by primarily three considerations:
- Does your newly acquired feature give you an edge over adversity,
- Does it maintain or disrupt the delicate balance of the system in which you happen to live,
- Is your new feature economical, the minimum needed, not an extravagance.
[Nature abhors frills. If a Robin needs for its survival to be able to fly away from a predator to a nearby tree it will not develop a capability to soar like a hawk. If it did, that trait would not be passed on. But if for some reason it was passed on and adopted by the entire species of Robins, Robins would probably go quickly extinct.]
Here in a nutshell is the problem with Directed Evolution: How do you ensure that each new artificial evolutionary step continues to comply with the laws of Nature? Humans have wrested from Nature the power to create evolutionary mutations and quickly disseminate them across the entire species. But we do not possess the power to determine which artificial extensions of our senses and limbs are necessary improvements and which are extravagant frills, which new capabilities maintain the balance of the system within which we operate and which disrupt it. In other words, we lack the framework that will guide the process of our mutations and ensure our survival.
What we need is a way to second-guess Nature’s verdict before it is handed down.
Directed Evolution is an artificial process born in the human mind. It therefore makes sense that the framework of assessment and control over the desirability of each and every “mutation” would also reside in the human mind. Unfortunately, the human mind has not been part of the Directed Evolution of our senses and muscles. It is practically unchanged since our Neolithic past. We may have to wait millions of years for Natural Selection to catch up. Although we have computers to assist our brains in their processing capabilities, and digital storage devices to enhance the memory and retrieval ability of our minds, the ability of our consciousness to perceive the “bigger picture” of our place in the cosmic scheme of things is no better than that of our cave dwelling ancestors’.
The result is a vast discrepancy between capability and control. We are a species with enormously evolved capabilities controlled by a mind of a Neolithic hunter.
The big question then is how can the mind artificially evolve itself to bring it into alignment with the other artificial “mutations” of Directed Evolution, and thus become the guide, the overseer, of continued technological developments. It is a little like attempting to pull oneself up by one’s own bootstraps.
Fortunately, there exists a body of research and development of just such a process of the mind evolving itself. It has been cultivated over millennia by various Eastern meditative practices. This valuable body of knowledge is hobbled however by the fact that it comes to us entangled in religious and superstitious belief systems that make it both suspect and not useful to Western science and technology. We do no better on the Western end of the story. Our own Cartesian mechanistic world-view has relegated consciousness to the sphere of spirituality where it can safely be ignored by science and technology.
The Dalai Lama in his book “The Universe in a Single Atom” raises this problem, and has suggested the need for a hybrid science that would involve expert meditators from the Buddhist tradition working together with scientists, engineers, and psychologists from the West. He views both disciplines as incomplete without each other.
I believe that such collaboration would yield several far-reaching evolutionary results for the human species:
- It would create technologies designed to improve human consciousness
- It would raise the average human brainpower considerably
- It would provide useful mechanisms that would turn the human mind into an effective guidance system for our future technology-based evolution
- It would blur the distinction between what is scientific and what is spiritual and further reduce superstition as a force in human behavior.
It is important to remember that to qualify as an evolutionary leap, and advance should occur in all members of the species, not just in a selected few. Is such an evolutionary leap in human consciousness even possible, and is it realistic to expect it to occur within a short span of time?
I believe it is. Rapid almost instantaneous species-wide adaptation is the hallmark of Directed Evolution. In less than ten years the entire human population of the planet has been transformed through the use of cell phones for example. You could say that the communicative range of human vocal chords has been extended umpteen fold within less than a decade.
There is no reason why a similar evolutionary leap in our consciousness could not occur, provided that we discover how consciousness works. This would require a new breed of meditator-researchers who through a mix of practice and observation would map out the effects of meditation “from within”. What exactly happens in the brain during meditation? How does one part of our mind influence other parts and produce the clarity, heightened perception, and sense of well being, meditators call “enlightenment”? Once we understand how the mind can control itself, once we have quantified “enlightenment”, engineers will have the data they need to simulate these processes. Techniques which took decades to master could then be artificially induced instantly, and effects that benefited just a few exceptional people could be readily available for everyone.
I envisage a small portable neural sensor/disruptor, about the size of a cell phone. Let’s call it an “N-Light”. The N-Light would simulate the function of the “observer” mind, the part of our consciousness that watches itself during meditation. The device would be sensitive to changes in our consciousness, especially states of mind that interfere with clear thinking (such as anger, fear, desire, or daydreaming). Using algorithms derived from the analysis of the experience of expert meditators, it would intervene to disrupt these habitual mind patterns, essentially “clearing” the mind, and allowing it to operate on a higher, more effective, level of consciousness. The effect will be seamless, probably unnoticed by the user. What will be noticed though will be the side effects that naturally accompany this mind-clearing process, a sense of contentment and equanimity. The user will in essence enjoy the benefits of a meditative state without having to meditate.
But would people buy such a device? More importantly, would all people want to buy it?
It depends. Most people probably don’t care about equanimity or even improved brainpower. What people want is to get rid of their afflictions and to be as happy as they can. Any device that promised to alleviate pain and induce happiness would be successful. So it’s the side effects of the process that will sell the idea. Here is a “happiness drug” that operates externally, an electronic device that doesn’t need to be regulated by the FDA, that’s legal, and cheap. If it’s proven to work, who could resist it? Think of the cell phone. It’s the same story.
And the human brain? Well, once the habitual Neolithic responses are continuously interrupted and replaced by states of mind that are clearer and more pleasant, the human brain will start to adapt. New habits will be forming, new ways of thinking. And new thinking patterns quickly influence behavior. Within less than a generation the human race will have found the guiding mechanism for its Directed Evolution. The gap between what we can do and what we should do, will have narrowed.
Those fleeting glimpses that some people get while meditating, of the unity of all things, the sense of belonging, the freedom from fear and aggression, will gradually become commonplace. Those engaged in the inventing and development of new features for our species will gain a better capacity to see the bigger picture, and choose their projects accordingly.
The next generation of artificial mutations will be guided not by a desire to compete or destroy. Neither will it spring from the impulse to do something just because we can. But rather it will be guided by the simple question: “Will this improve our odds against adversity without disrupting the system we live in?” If the answer is “No”, no matter how brilliant the concept, the idea will be simply abandoned. Just like the Robin’s ability to soar.
And our survival as a species will have just gained a leg up in the ongoing battle against looming extinction.
Lenox, 5/23/07